做电气安装的人都知道，桥架这东西在图纸上就是几条线，真到施工现场，选型对不对、材质合不合适，直接影响电缆敷设的效率和后期维护成本。尤其是厂房、机房、地下车库这些地方，桥架一旦装好基本不会再动，前期选错了，后面想改就是大工程。

Those who do electrical installation know that cable trays are just a few lines on the drawing. When it comes to the construction site, whether the selection is correct or the material is suitable directly affects the efficiency of cable laying and maintenance costs in the later stage. Especially in places such as factories, computer rooms, and underground garages, once the cable trays are installed, they will not be moved again. If you choose the wrong one in the early stage, it will be a major project if you want to make changes later.

先分清楚几种桥架的区别，别拿梯级式当槽式用。 梯级式桥架像梯子一样，散热好、重量轻，适合敷设大截面电缆，尤其是动力电缆；托盘式桥架底部是整块板，有散热孔，防护性比梯级式好一些，适合控制电缆和一般动力电缆混敷；槽式桥架是全封闭的，防尘防干扰，用在有腐蚀性环境或者需要屏蔽的场合。如果项目里既有动力电缆又有信号电缆，混在一起敷设时槽式或者带隔板的托盘式更稳妥，避免电磁干扰。

First, distinguish the differences between several types of cable trays, and do not use the stepped type as the trough type. The stepped bridge is like a ladder, with good heat dissipation and light weight, suitable for laying large section cables, especially power cables; The bottom of the tray type cable tray is a whole board with heat dissipation holes, which provides better protection than the stepped type and is suitable for mixing control cables and general power cables; The trough bridge is fully enclosed, dustproof and anti-interference, and is used in corrosive environments or situations that require shielding. If there are both power cables and signal cables in the project, it is more secure to lay them together in a trough or tray with partitions to avoid electromagnetic interference.

材质选择看环境，热镀锌不是万能的。 普通室内干燥环境，电镀锌桥架够用，成本也低；但地下室、厨房、化工厂这类潮湿或有腐蚀介质的地方，就得考虑热镀锌或者铝合金。热镀锌层厚、附着力强，户外和潮湿环境寿命长；铝合金桥架轻、耐腐蚀，但承重能力比钢制桥架弱，大跨距场合要核算荷载。另外，防火要求高的场所，比如变电站、高层建筑的电气竖井，可能需要防火桥架，表面涂防火涂料或者采用无机材料复合。

Material selection depends on the environment, hot-dip galvanizing is not omnipotent. Ordinary indoor dry environment, galvanized cable trays are sufficient and cost-effective; But in damp or corrosive environments such as basements, kitchens, and chemical plants, hot-dip galvanizing or aluminum alloys must be considered. Thick hot-dip galvanized layer, strong adhesion, long service life in outdoor and humid environments; Aluminum alloy cable trays are lightweight and corrosion-resistant, but their load-bearing capacity is weaker than that of steel cable trays, and the load needs to be calculated for large-span applications. In addition, places with high fire prevention requirements, such as substations and electrical shafts in high-rise buildings, may require fire-resistant cable trays, surface coating with fire-resistant coatings, or the use of inorganic material composites.

大跨距桥架，荷载计算不能拍脑袋。 厂房、体育馆、车站这些大空间，桥架跨度大，如果只按常规间距布支架，电缆敷满后桥架下垂、变形是常事。选大跨距桥架时要根据电缆总重量、跨距和允许挠度来核算，必要时加密支架或者选用加强型截面。另外，桥架的填充率一般建议不超过40%，留出散热和后期增容的空间，塞得太满后期加根线都费劲。

The load calculation of large-span bridge structures cannot be underestimated. Large spaces such as factories, sports halls, and stations have large spans of cable trays. If only the brackets are arranged at regular intervals, it is common for the cable trays to sag and deform after being fully laid. When selecting large-span cable trays, it is necessary to calculate based on the total weight, span, and allowable deflection of the cables. If necessary, additional supports should be added or reinforced sections should be selected. In addition, it is generally recommended that the filling rate of the bridge should not exceed 40%, leaving space for heat dissipation and later capacity expansion. If it is too full, it will be difficult to add a wire in the later stage.

安装细节决定后期维护难度。 桥架转弯、分支处要用成品弯通和三通，现场切割焊接的容易破坏镀锌层，时间一长生锈。接地跨接不能省，每段桥架之间要有可靠的接地连接，否则整个桥架系统形同虚设。还有，桥架穿越防火分区时要做防火封堵，这一步验收时查得很细，前期不做后期补代价很大。

The installation details determine the difficulty of later maintenance. Finished bends and tees should be used for bridge bends and branches. Cutting and welding on site can easily damage the galvanized layer and rust over time. Grounding bridging cannot be omitted, and there must be reliable grounding connections between each section of the bridge, otherwise the entire bridge system will be meaningless. Also, when the bridge passes through the fire compartment, fireproof sealing should be done. This step of inspection is very detailed, and it is costly to not do it in the early stage and make up for it later.

桥架是电缆的骨架，选对了后面几十年省心，选错了就是反复修修补补的麻烦。

The cable tray is the skeleton of the cable. Choosing the right one will save you decades of worry, while choosing the wrong one will be the trouble of repeated repairs.

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